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Study Guide

Field 172: Bilingual Education Assessment—Mandarin
Presentational Writing: Mandarin

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Review the IME tutorial video opens in a new window and the IME instructions for Mandarin PDF document. The IME instruction document will be available to you during the actual test.

Directions for Presentational Writing: Mandarin Assignment

For the Presentational Writing section of the test, you will write an essay in Mandarin in response to an assignment.

Read the assignment carefully before you begin to write. Think about how you will organize your essay. You should use your time to plan, write, review, and edit your essay. Your final essay must be typed in the on-screen response box presented with the assignment.

Please note that, if needed, you will be able to type words in the target language in your response using Input Method Editor (IME) technology. You may access specific instructions for IME use by selecting the I M E help button above the response box.

Your response will be evaluated according to the following criteria:

Your response will be evaluated on the criteria above, not on the position you take. Your response must be written in your own words.

You may use the erasable notebooklet provided to take notes; however, you will be scored only on the response that you type in the response box for the assignment.

Select the Next button to continue.

Presentational Writing: Mandarin
Sample Assignments

In this study guide, two sample assignments are provided to assist an examinee in preparing for the actual test. On the actual test, there will be one Presentational Writing: Mandarin assignment to which the examinee will have to provide a response.

Competency 0006 
Presentational Writing: Mandarin

Presentational Writing: Mandarin
Sample Assignment 1

Use the information below to complete the assignment that follows.

In your opinion, can online teaching and learning be used for class instruction in a useful and effective way?

In response to the question above, write a well-organized and coherent essay in Mandarin for an audience of educated adults. In your essay, you must:

Your response must be written in your own words.

Presentational Writing: Mandarin
Sample Strong Response to Sample Assignment 1

Note: The sample strong response for the presentational writing assignment is an example of a response that a candidate might write. While the sample response demonstrates effective presentational writing skills, it could contain typical errors that candidates may produce in composing an essay in Mandarin. Please see the rationale following the response for more details.

[Simplified]

毫无疑问，在线教学和学习可以在学校中以有用和有效的方式使用。我可以找到多种语言的信息和资源是没有限制的。在线信息使我能够与学生分享不同语言的概念。它使所有学生都能以有效的方式学习。

作为一名教师，我在课堂上使用学校的各种技术。因此，我看到学生的参与度如何提高，因为他们可以与同龄人分享他们的工作，并跟踪和保存所有更改以备后用。除此之外，我还可以根据学生的学习风格来区分教学。我通常在我的课堂上包括我的学生喜欢单独或小组探索的在线视频、音乐或博客。很多时候，当学生喜欢这个话题时，他们会带来新的资源与我分享。

我也喜欢在线进行测验的便利性。它使我能够有效地向学生提供即时反馈。我可以立即找出哪里有问题。学生受益匪浅，因为他们的误解立即得到澄清。

如上所述，在线资源有助于使所有学生更容易接受教育，并有助于他们的双语发展。这也将使学生具备数字技能，以便在校内和校外访问和评估信息。

[Traditional]

毫無疑問，在線教學和學習可以在學校中以有用和有效的方式使用。我可以找到多種語言的信息和資源是沒有限制的。在線資訊使我能夠與學生分享不同語言的概念。它使所有學生都能以有效的方式學習。

作為一名教師，我在課堂上使用學校的各種技術。因此，我看到學生的參與度如何提高，因為他們可以與同齡人分享他們的工作，並跟蹤和保存所有更改以備後用。除此之外，我還可以根據學生的學習風格來區分教學。我通常在我的課堂上包括我的學生喜歡單獨或小組探索的在線視頻、音樂或博客。很多時候，當學生喜歡這個話題時，他們會帶來新的資源與我分享。

我也喜歡在線進行測驗的便利性。它使我能夠有效地向學生提供即時反饋。我可以立即找出哪裡有問題。學生受益匪淺，因為他們的誤解立即得到澄清。

如上所述，在線資源有助於使所有學生更容易接受教育，並有助於他們的雙語發展。這也將使學生具備數位技能，以便在校內和校外訪問和評估資訊。

Presentational Writing: Mandarin
Rationale for Sample Strong Response to Sample Assignment 1

The response is a well-organized and coherent essay that effectively communicates clear ideas and develops a logical conclusion. The candidate establishes a clear position on the issue presented in the question by stating that online teaching and learning can be used in a useful way in schools.

The candidate effectively supports the established position with at least two of his or her own relevant ideas and examples. As a teacher, the writer utilizes various technologies at school. This increases student participation and motivation as the teacher can include online videos and other online tools as well as provide immediate feedback when giving quizzes online.

The response effectively uses a range of appropriate vocabulary and academic and/or idiomatic language. It also effectively uses a broad range of appropriate grammatical constructions and time frames. Minor errors do not interfere with comprehensibility.

Presentational Writing: Mandarin
Sample Assignment 2

Use the information below to complete the assignment that follows.

In your opinion, can students' life experiences be used to facilitate student learning?

In response to the question above, write a well-organized and coherent essay in Mandarin for an audience of educated adults. In your essay, you must:

Your response must be written in your own words.

Presentational Writing: Mandarin
Sample Strong Response to Sample Assignment 2

Note: The sample strong response for the presentational writing assignment is an example of a response that a candidate might write. While the sample response demonstrates effective presentational writing skills, it could contain typical errors that candidates may produce in composing an essay in Mandarin. Please see the rationale following the response for more details.

[Simplified]

我认为学生的生活经验可以用来促进学习。

作为一名学生，当我的老师提到我的生活事件并利用它们来建立新的学习时，我感到很特别和有价值。我记得当我的老师在课堂上谈论我自己生活中的一些事情时，我感到非常高兴。我的同学们过去也喜欢课堂讨论包括他们生活经历的例子。这有助于我们建立牢固的联系，使学习更容易。因此，作为一名教师，我试图了解学生的文化背景和经验，以便在我教授新概念时使用它们。

例如，在社会科学中，我展示了学生所在国的挂图。当学生了解美国的地理并在地图上定位河流或山脉时，我给我的学生一个机会，通过指出他们国家挂图上的自然特征来分享他们家乡/遗产国的地理。有时我们会讨论不同国家之间的差异和相似之处。这增加了课堂参与度，让每个人都有机会在文化包容的环境中分享观点。

总而言之，很明显，整合学生的生活经历和背景有助于学习，并在课堂上创造一个文化包容的环境，让每个人都感到相关、尊重和重视。

[Traditional]

我認為學生的生活經驗可以用來促進學習。

作為一名學生，當我的老師提到我的生活事件並利用它們來建立新的學習時，我感到很特別和有價值。我記得當我的老師在課堂上談論我自己生活中的一些事情時，我感到非常高興。我的同學們過去也喜歡課堂討論包括他們生活經歷的例子。這有助於我們建立牢固的聯繫，使學習更容易。因此，作為一名教師，我試圖了解學生的文化背景和經驗，以便在我教授新概念時使用它們。

例如，在社會科學中，我展示了學生所在國的掛圖。當學生了解美國的地理並在地圖上定位河流或山脈時，我給我的學生一個機會，通過指出他們國家掛圖上的自然特徵來分享他們家鄉/遺產國的地理。有時我們會討論不同國家之間的差異和相似之處。這增加了課堂參與度，讓每個人都有機會在文化包容的環境中分享觀點。

總而言之，很明顯，整合學生的生活經歷和背景有助於學習，並在課堂上創造一個文化包容的環境，讓每個人都感到相關、尊重和重視。

Presentational Writing: Mandarin
Rationale for Sample Strong Response to Sample Assignment 2

The response is a well-organized and coherent essay that effectively communicates clear ideas and develops a logical conclusion. The candidate establishes a clear position on the issue presented in the question by stating that students’ life experiences can be used to facilitate learning.

The candidate effectively supports the established position with at least two of his or her own relevant ideas and examples. As a student, the writer and classmates felt special when the teachers referred to something from their lives in classes. As a teacher, the writer displays maps of the home countries of the students in class. This increases student participation and allows students to share their diverse points of view.

The response effectively uses a range of appropriate vocabulary and academic and/or idiomatic language. It also effectively uses a broad range of appropriate grammatical constructions and time frames. Minor errors do not interfere with comprehensibility.

Performance Characteristics for Presentational Writing: Mandarin Assignment

The following characteristics guide the scoring of the response to the Presentational Writing: Mandarin assignment.

APPROPRIATENESS The extent to which the response is an essay written in the candidate's own words, states an opinion on the issue presented in the question, and uses language, style, and sociocultural conventions appropriate for the assignment (task, purpose, audience, and context or situation)
SUPPORT The extent to which the response supports and explains the stated opinion with the candidate's own relevant ideas or examples
ORGANIZATION The extent to which the response is a well-organized and coherent essay that communicates clear ideas, develops a logical conclusion, and uses cohesive devices to connect sentences
GRAMMAR The extent to which the response uses a range of appropriate grammatical constructions, time frames, sentence structures, and mechanics (i.e., spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and diacritical marks)
VOCABULARY The extent to which the response uses a range of appropriate vocabulary and academic and/or idiomatic language

Score Scale for Presentational Writing: Mandarin Assignment

A score will be assigned to the response to the Presentational Writing: Mandarin assignment according to the following score scale.

Score Point Score Point Description
4 The "4" response demonstrates effective presentational writing skills.
3 The "3" response demonstrates generally effective presentational writing skills.
2 The "2" response demonstrates partially effective presentational writing skills.
1 The "1" response demonstrates ineffective presentational writing skills.
U The response is unscorable because it is merely a repetition of the assignment, not related to the assignment, not primarily in the target language, or not of sufficient length to score.
B There is no response to the assignment.